Ethnic
Diversity-General Population / Diversité éthnique-Population
totale
Linguistic
Groups / Groupes
linguistiques
National or official languages:
Swahili, English.
Colonial Language: English
Majority Group: none
Minority Groups: kikuyu (18 %), luyia (11,7
%), luo (11 %), kalenjin (8,4 %), kamba (8,4 %), gusii (5,4
%), meru (4,5 %), giryama (2,1 %), bukusu (2 %), lubukusu
(2 %), embu (1,5 %), maasai (1,5 %), turkana (1,1 %), idakho
(1 %), somali (1 %), pokoot (1 %), duruma (0,8 %), digo
(0,7 %), taita (0,7 %), teso (0,7 %), logooli (0,6 %), galla
(0,5 %), borana (0,5 %), sabaot (0,5 %), samburu (0,5 %),
swahili (0,5 %), tugen (0,5 %)
Number of languages: 61
Total population: 29,008,000 (1998 UN). 30,8 millions
(2001). Estimation 2002: 33 millions.
|
Groups consisted of at least 50,000 speakers
| Languages |
Alternate Names |
Dialects |
Official Data |
Estimation |
| BORANA |
Boran, Booran, Boraan, Southern
Oromo, Oromo, 'Galla'. |
Boran, Gabra (Gabbra, Gebra),
Sakuye (Saguye). |
152,000 in Kenya (1994 I. Larsen
BTL), including 96,000 Borana (1994), 43,000 Gabra (1994),
13,000 Sakuye (1994). |
|
| BUKUSU |
Lubukusu |
: Bukusu, Tachoni (Tachon), Kabras. |
565,000 (1987 BTL), including
47,000 Tachon (1980 Heine and Möhlig). |
|
| CHONYI |
Chichonyi |
|
121,000 (1994 I. Larsen BTL). |
|
| CHUKA |
Suka, Chuku. |
|
70,000 (1980 SIL). |
|
| DIGO |
Kidigo, Chidigo. |
|
217,000 in Kenya (1994 I. Larsen
BTL), .8% of the opulation. Population total both countries
305,000. |
|
| DURUMA |
|
|
247,000 (1994 I. Larsen SIL). |
|
| EMBU |
Kiembu |
Mbeere (Mbere, Kimbeere), Embu. |
429,000 (1994 I. Larsen BTL) including
150,000 in Embu, 61,725 in Mbeere (1980 Heine and Möhlig),
1.2% of the population. |
|
| ENDO |
Endo-Marakwet, Marakuet, Markweta. |
Endo, Sambirir. |
80,000 (1997 SIL). |
|
| GARREH-AJURAN |
|
Garreh (Gurreh, Garre, Gari), Ajuran
(Ajuuraan, Ujuuraan). |
128,000 including 96,000 Garreh,
32,000 Ajuran (1994 I. Larsen BTL). |
|
| GIKUYU |
Kikuyu, Gekoyo, Gigikuyu. |
Southern Gikuyu (Kiambu, Southern
Murang'a), Ndia (Southern Kirinyaga), Gichugu (Northern Kirinyaga),
Mathira (Karatina), Northern Gikuyu (Northern Murang'a, Nyeri). |
5,347,000 (1994 I. Larsen BTL)
or 19.8% of the population (1987). |
|
| GIRYAMA |
Giriama, Agiryama, Kigiriama,
Nika, Nyika, Kinyika. |
Kauma, Ribe (Rihe), Jibana (Dzihana),
Kambe, Giryama, Chwaka, Rabai. |
623,000 (1994 I. Larsen BTL),
including 496,000 Giryama, 17,000 Kauma, 19,000 Jibana, 13,000
Kambe, 72,000 Rabai, 6,000 Ribe. 2.3% of the population. |
|
| GUJARATI |
|
|
50,000 in Kenya (1995 SIL). |
|
| GUSII |
Kisii, Kosova, Guzii, Ekegusii. |
|
1,582,000 (1994 I. Larsen BTL),
6.3% of the population. 2,000,000 probably including second
language users (1999 WA). |
|
| IDAKHO-ISUKHA-TIRIKI |
|
Idakho (Idaxo, Itakho, Kakamega,
Kakumega), Isukha (Isuxa, Lwisukha), Tiriki. |
306,000 (1987 BTL), including
Idakho 65,000, Isukha 90,000, Tiriki 100,000 (1980 Heine and
Möhlig). |
|
| KALENJIN |
|
Nandi (Naandi, Cemual), Terik
(Nyang'ori), Kipsigis (Kipsiikis, Kipsikis, Kipsikiis), Keiyo
(Keyo, Elgeyo), South Tugen (Tuken), Cherangany. |
2,458,123 (1989 census), including
471,459 Kipsigis, 261,969 Nandi, 110,908 Keiyo, 130,249 Tugen
(1980 Heine and Möhlig). |
|
| KAMBA |
Kikamba, Kekamba. |
Masaku, South Kitui, North Kitui,
Mumoni. |
2,448,302 (1989 census) or 11.2%
of the population (1987). 3,000,000 including second language
users (1999 WA). |
|
| KURIA |
Kikuria, Igikuria, Ekiguria, Kurya,
Tende. |
Nyabasi, Bugumbe, Bukira, Bwirege,
Kiroba, Simbiti, Sweta. |
135,000 in Kenya (1994 I. Larsen
BTL), .6% of population. |
|
| LOGOOLI |
Ragoli, Uluragooli, Llugule, Lugooli,
Maragooli, Luragoli, Llogole, Maragoli. |
|
197,000 (1987 BTL). |
|
| LUO |
Dholuo, Nilotic Kavirondo, Kavirondo
Luo. |
|
3,185,000 in Kenya (1994 I. Larsen
BTL) or 13.8% of the population (1987). Population total
both countries 3,408,000. |
|
| LUYIA |
Luluyia, Luhya. |
Kisa (Shisa, Lushisa), Marama, Wanga
(Hanga, Luhanga, Oluhanga, Kawanga, Oluwanga), Tsotso, Saamia
(Samia, Olusamia, Lusamia, Lusaamia, Samya), West Nyala (Nyala-B),
Khayo, Songa, Marachi. |
3,418,083 (1989 census), or 13.1%
of the population, including 135,000 Wanga, 65,000 Marama,
45,000 Tsotso 60,000 Kisa, 105,000 Kabras, 35,000 East Nyala,
50,000 Saamia, 35,000 West Nyala, 60,000 Khayo, 60,000 Marachi
(1980 SIL). Population total both countries 3,643,461. |
|
| MAASAI |
Masai |
Kaputiei, Keekonyokie, Matapo,
Laitokitok, Iloodokilani, Damat, Purko, Loitai, Siria, Moitanik
(Wuasinkishu), Kore, Arusa (Arusha), Baraguyu, Kisonko. |
453,000 in Kenya (1994 I. Larsen
BTL), 1.5% of the population. Population total both countries
883,000. |
|
| MERU |
Kimeru |
Meru, Igembe, Tigania, Imenti, Miutini,
Igoji. |
1,305,000 (1994 I. Larsen BTL),
or 5.6% of the population including 540,000 Meru, 26,400 Igoji
(1980 Berne and Mölig). |
|
| MWIMBI-MUTHAMBI |
|
Mwimbi (Kimwimbi), Muthambi. |
70,000 (1980 SIL). |
|
| NYORE |
Olunyore, Lunyore, Nyole, Nyoole,
Lunyole, Olunyole. |
|
120,000 (1980 Heine and Möhlig). |
|
| ORMA |
Uardai, Wadai, Warday, Wardei. |
Munyo (Korokoro, Munyo Yaya),
Waata (Sanye), Orma. |
55,000 (1994 I. Larsen BTL), including
5,000 Munyo. |
|
| PÖKOOT |
Pökot, Suk, Pakot. |
East Pokot, West Pokot. |
264,000 in Kenya (1994 I. Larsen
BTL). Population total both countries 264,000 or more. |
|
| SABAOT |
Mt. Elgon Maasai. |
Bong'omeek (Bong'om, Pong'om),
Koony (Kony), Book (Bok, Pok). |
143,000 (1994 I. Larsen BTL). |
|
| SAMBURU |
Sambur, Sampur, Burkeneji, Lokop,
E Lokop, Nkutuk. |
Chamus (Ilcamus, Njemps). |
147,000 (1994 I. Larsen BTL) including
128,000 Samburu, 19,000 Chamus. |
|
| SOMALI |
Standard Somali. |
Degodia, Ogaden. |
312,339 in Kenya (1989 census),
including 45,098 Somali, 27,244 Hawiyah, 100,400 Degodia,139,597
Ogaden (1989 census). |
|
| SUBA |
|
Mfangano, Gwasi, Kaksingri, Muhuru,
Suna, Wiregi, Ungoe. |
129,000 in Kenya (1994 I. Larsen
BTL), including 37,000 Mfangano, 32,000 Gwasi, 22,000 Kaksingri,
15,000 Muhuru, 10,000 Suna, 8,000 Wiregi, 5,000 Ungoe (1997). Population
total both countries 159,000. |
|
| SWAHILI |
Kiswaheli, Suahili, Kisuahili,
Arab-Swahili. |
Amu, Mvita (Kimvita, Mombasa),
Bajuni (Bajun, T'ik'uu, Tikulu, Tukulu, Gunya, Mbalazi, Chimbalazi),
Pate, Pemba (Phemba, Hadimu, Tambatu), Mrima, Fundi, Siu (Siyu),
Shamba (Kishamba), Matondoni. |
131,000 in Kenya, including 66,000
Bajuni (1994 I. Larsen BTL), 6,000 Siyu, 3,000 Pate, 15,000
Amu, 25,000 to 30,000 Mvita, 13,900 Shirazi (1989 census),
2,000 Vumba (1980 Heine and Möhlig). |
|
| TAITA |
Dabida, Davida, Kidabida, Teita,
Kitaita, Dawida. |
Mbololo, Werugha, Mbale, Chawia,
Bura, Mwanda. |
203,389 (1989 census). |
|
| TESO |
Ateso |
|
217,000 in Kenya (1993 Johnstone). |
|
| THARAKA |
Kitharaka, Saraka, Sharoka. |
Gatue (North Tharaka), Thagichu
(Kitui), Ntugi (Central Tharaka), Tharaka (South Tharaka). |
112,000 (1994 I. Larsen BTL). |
|
| TUGEN, NORTH |
North Tuken, Tuken. |
|
144,000 (1987 BTL). |
|
| TURKANA |
Bume, Buma, Turkwana. |
Northern Turkana, Southern Turkana. |
340,000 (1994 I. Larsen BTL). |
|
Constituted
with data from:
1) Ethnologue
Report for Kenya
2) LECLERC, Jacques. "Kenya" dans L'aménagement
linguistique dans le monde, Québec, TLFQ, Université
Laval, 28 oct. 2002,[ http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/afrique/kenya.htm],
(18 Juin 2003), 94,6 Ko
Religious
Groups /
Groupes religieux
Religious
Groups |
Proportion |
| Christians |
66
% |
| African
tribal Religions |
26
% |
| Muslims |
6
% |
Constituted
with data from: LECLERC, Jacques. "Kenya" dans
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde, Québec,
TLFQ, Université Laval, 28 oct. 2002,[ http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/afrique/kenya.htm],
(18 Juin 2003), 94,6 Ko
Ethnic
Groups /
Groupes ethniques
| Le
pays est multiethnique, car il compte près de 70
ethnies, dont quelque 30 à 40 sont officiellement
reconnues. Parmi ces diverses ethnies, cinq d'entre elles
forment plus de 70 % de la population africaine: les Kikuyu
(20 %), les Luyia (14 %), les Luo (12 %), les Kalenjin (11
% et les Kamba (11 %). La plupart de ces groupes ethniques
cohabitent avec des minorités indiennes, arabes,
asiatiques et européennes (environ 4000). La forte
majorité des Blancs (appelés Wazungu) vit
dans les deux principales villes (Nairobi et Mombasa ) ou
dans leur banlieue.
Ethnie |
Populations
(1989) |
% |
| Kikuyu |
4
455 865 |
20,7
% |
| Luyia |
3
083 273 |
14,3
% |
| Luo |
2
653 932 |
12,3
% |
| Kalenjin |
2
458 123 |
11,4
% |
| Kamba |
2
448 302 |
11,4
% |
| Kisii |
1
318 409 |
6,1
% |
| Meru |
1
087 778 |
5,0
% |
| Mijikenda |
1
007 371 |
4,7
% |
| Maasai |
377 089 |
1,7
% |
| Turkana |
283 750 |
1,3
% |
| Embu |
256 623 |
1,2
% |
| Taita |
203 389 |
0,9
% |
| Teso |
178 455 |
0,8
% |
| Ogaden |
139 597 |
0,6
% |
| Kuria |
112 236 |
0,5
% |
| Basuba |
107 819 |
0,5
% |
| Samburu |
106 897 |
0,5
% |
| Mbere |
101 007 |
0,4
% |
| Degodia |
100 400 |
0,4
% |
| Tharaka |
92 528 |
0,4
% |
| Boran |
60 160 |
0,3
% |
| Gurreh |
80 004 |
0,3
% |
| Pokomo |
58 645 |
0,2
% |
| Bajun |
55 187 |
0,2
% |
| Kenyan Asian |
52 968 |
0,2
% |
| Orma |
45 562 |
0,2
% |
| Somali |
45 098 |
0,2
% |
| Gabra |
35 726 |
0,1
% |
| Arabes kenyen |
33 714 |
0,1
% |
| Indiens |
29 091 |
0,1
% |
| Autres kenyiens |
28 722 |
0,1
% |
| Ugandans |
27 267 |
0,1
% |
| Hawiyah |
27 244 |
0,1
% |
| Ajuran |
26 916 |
0,1
% |
| Redile |
26 536 |
0,1
% |
| Dorobo |
24 363 |
0,1
% |
| Tanzaniens |
19 325 |
0,0
9 % |
| Non
recensés |
16 716 |
0,08
% |
| Njemps |
15 872 |
0,07
% |
| Autres Européens |
15 768 |
0,07
% |
| Britanniques |
15 608 |
0,07
% |
| Autres Africains |
14 471 |
0,07
% |
| Taveta |
14 358 |
0,07
% |
| Swahili |
13 920 |
0,06
% |
| Boni-Sanye |
10 891 |
0,05
% |
| Sakuye |
10 678 |
0,05
% |
| Autres Arabes |
7 881 |
0,04
% |
| Autres |
6 308 |
0,03
% |
| Bulji |
5 975 |
0,03
% |
| Autres Asiatiques |
5 264 |
0,02
% |
| El
Molo |
3 600 |
0,02
% |
| Kenyan européens |
3 184 |
0,01
% |
| Tribus inconnus |
2 411 |
0,01
% |
| Gosha |
2 081 |
0,01
% |
| Pakistanis |
1 862 |
0,01
% |
| Dasnachi-Shangil |
418 |
0,00
% |
Source:
Kul BHUSHAN, Recensement de 1989, Kenya Factbook,
15e édition, 1997-1998, Newspread International. |
Source:
LECLERC, Jacques. "Kenya" dans L'aménagement
linguistique dans le monde, Québec, TLFQ, Université
Laval, 28 oct. 2002,[ http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/afrique/kenya.htm],
(18 Juin 2003), 94,6 Ko |
